THE NATURE OF SPRINGS

1. Shallow Aquifer Systems

• Short Ground Water Travel Times
• Shallow Ground Water Table
• Small Aquifier Storage Capacity

2. Surface Water Influence Likely

• Hydrolic Connection (Recharge)
• Earth Materials Not a Perfect Filter

MONITORING & ANALYSIS TOOLS

3. Spring Discharge & Water
Quality Monitoring

• Spring Discharge Rates
• Water Quality
  1. pH
  2. Electric Conductivity
  3. Temperature
  4. Turbidity
• Climate
  1. Air Temperature
  2. Precipitation

RELATIVE SURFACE WATER RISK FACTORS

4. Microscopic Particulate Analysis (MPA)

• Issues Concerning Use of MPA
1. Consensus Method & Not a Standard
2. Subjective Interpretation of MPA Results
• Interpretation of Surface Water Risk Factors
  • > 20 = High Risk
  • 10-19 = Moderate Risk
  • < 9 = Low Risk